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1. Sediment filtration: The purpose of sediment filtration is to clean up suspended particulate matter or colloidal matter in water source. If it is not removed, it will destroy other precise filtration membranes of dialysis water or even obstruct water passage. This is the oldest and simplest water purification method, so this step is often used. When preliminary treatment of water purification or necessary food water equipment is needed, several filters are added to the pipeline to remove larger impurities and filter suspended particulate matter in medical water purification equipment. There are many kinds of filters, such as mesh filter, sand filter (quartz sand, etc.) or membrane filter. If the filter is not replaced or cleaned for too long, the particulate matter accumulated on the filter will become more and more water-using equipment in the chemical industry, and the water flow and water pressure will gradually decrease. The outlet pressure difference is used to judge the degree of blockage of the filter. Therefore, the filter should be thrusted regularly to remove the impurities accumulated on it, and the filter should be replaced within a fixed time.
There is another problem to be noticed in sediment filtration, because the particulate matter is constantly blocked and accumulated. Bacteria may multiply on the material surface and release toxic substances through the filter to cause pyrogen reaction. Therefore, it is necessary to replace the filter frequently. In principle, the pressure drop between the inlet and outlet water increases to the original five. When multiplying, you need to replace the filter.
2. Hard water softening method: Ion exchange method is used to soften hard water. Its purpose is to exchange calcium and magnesium ions in hard water with sodium ions by cation exchange resin, so as to reduce the concentration of calcium and magnesium ions in water source. The softening reaction formula is as follows:
Ca2++ 2Na-EX_Ca-EX2+2Na+1
Mg2++ 2Na-EX_Mg-EX2+2Na+1
EX in the formula denotes ion exchange resins, which combine Ca2 + and Mg2 + and release Na + ions originally contained therein.
Nowadays, the ion exchange resins sold on the market are spherical synthetic organic polymer electrolyte resin matrix containing sodium chloride. During the softening process of hard water, sodium ions will be gradually used up, and the softening effect of exchange resins will be gradually reduced. At this time, the work of regeneration is needed. It is to add a specific concentration of saline water at regular intervals, usually 10%. The reaction mode is as follows:
Ca-EX2+2Na+(concentrated brine)2Na-EX+Ca2+
Mg-ex2 + 2Na + (concentrated brine) → 2Na ex + Mg2+
If there is no cationic softening in the process of water treatment, not only will there be calcium and magnesium deposits on reverse osmosis membranes, which will reduce the efficiency and even destroy reverse osmosis membranes, but also patients will easily get hard water softeners of hard water syndrome, which will cause bacterial reproduction problems, so the equipment needs to have the function of reverse osmosis, after a period of time. Another noteworthy problem is hypernatremia, because the softening and reductive process of dialysis water is controlled by a * timer. Normal reductive action mostly occurs in the middle of the night. This is * valve control. If a fault occurs, a large amount of salt water will flow into the water source and enter. The patient suffered from hypernatremia.
Author: Hangzhou Water Shield Technology Co., Ltd.
Website: http://www.zjhzsd.com/
Key words: pharmaceutical pure water equipment, chemical industry water equipment, food water equipment
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